Mary Shelley Essay

Do you agree? Frankenstein is one of the great novels of English literature, written in 1816 by a young Mary Shelley. The name Frankenstein is generally associated with the terrifying monster created in the many film adaptations of the book. But did Mary Shelley write only to frighten the reader? Or did she write in order to explore deeper issues of the evolving times she was living in? The basic plot of the novel is typical of a blood-curdling horror story: a mad scientist creates an inhuman monster, which subsequently goes on a murderous rampage, not resting until it has avenged itself. But Shelley’s novel uses various other themes throughout the book, asks questions and expresses strong views on the changing balance between science and religion of the early 19th century. Through her monster she explores the themes of isolation, the relationship between God and man, the importance of respecting nature and the dangers of obsession. Shelley’s novel has been extremely influential on horror stories since as it is one of the most famous gothic horror novels of all time. It is also the first to use the idea of ‘fear of the unknown’ in the context of scientific research. It is one of the forerunners of later 20th century novels such as Brave New World, which warn of the dire consequences of unchecked scientific progress. The novel was written as part of a game or competition between herself, her husband, the poet Byron and his friend Polidori. They were spending time in Geneva when Byron suggested they should each write a ghost story and see who could write the best. That night Shelly had a terrifying nightmare in which she saw the story of Frankenstein. Shelley’s parents appear to have been hugely influential on the novel. Her father was the writer and political journalist William Godwin, who became famous with his work An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice. Godwin had revolutionary attitudes to most social institutions, and as result she had been exposed to many modern radical ideas and had been to public shows where they stimulated the muscles of dead animals or humans to produce twitching. Perhaps it was this which gave birth in her mind to the famous creation scene of Frankenstein? Her mother had died in childbirth and she herself had lost children, which features heavily in the book. The novel is told through letters from Captain Walton to his sister Margaret in what is known as a Chinese box style. Walton talks about his own story and we get to know him, then we are introduced to another character, Victor, who Walton meets in the desolate landscape of the North Pole. Victor tells his story to Walton who relates it to his sister. Victor then tells us, through Walton, of how he met his creation, the ‘monster’, and tells Walton all that the creature told him which is then written down in the letters. In this way we get a first hand account from several different characters and we get a feeling of the depth of the story as we delve deeper in to the plot and see each side of the story. Chapter 5 is the beginning of any real horror in the novel. Of course, there have been some mysterious circumstances and the bleak and desolate setting of the North Pole, but nothing to really scare the reader. But the creation of the creature is Shelley unearthing her fears about the progression of modern science. To begin with Shelley creates tension, setting the scene, saying : ‘it was on a dreary night of November’ and ‘the rain pattered dismally’ both of these creating a sense of unease and darkness. Furthermore, she tells us how ‘the candle was nearly burnt out†¦ by the glimmer of the half extinguished light, I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open’, which again forms an image of a dark laboratory with flickering candle light, and creates tension, which have all become classic horror settings ever since.

Younger and Younger Girls are Obsessed with Looking Good (Being beautiful). Its more Important to them than Anything Else in Their Lives

Advanced technology has contributed increased desire of younger and younger girls who consider being beautiful more important than anything else in the world. Today's society portrays the message that outside beauty is more important than the inner beauty through beauty pageant magazines, television programs, films, advertisement, internet and peer pressure among others. Children films and story books also depicts the importance of beauty for example Cinderella and Snow White among others, thus further idolizing the society (La et al. 2004). This has increased the desire and the pressure of the young girls to look alike with the prominent figures they see everyday and the messages portrayed such as being thin is beautiful and being overweight is ugly (La et al. , 2004). Several surveys that have been conducted reveal that advertisements geared to attract boys rarely reflect on appearance as those geared towards attracting girls for example the Barbie girl doll advertisement which reg ularly changes to meet the fashion standards set by the society (McLellan, 2002). The blame is not entirely on the media, parents too have also contributed to this fanaticism, especially when mothers have low esteem of their images and spend most of their time on the mirror flipping their hairs and pouting their lips to get the most desirable looks (La et al. , 2004). This affects the development of the children because as toddlers they try to imitate the actions of their mothers and when they grow up they aim at having better looks than their parents to improve their tainted self esteem (La et al. 2004). Today most of the parents rarely spend enough time with their children because of working for long hours thus the children spend most of their playing time watching television. Furthermore, the children of today are embraced with a pop up culture that advocates for upgrade of everything including breast implants, liposuctions and sexual competition among others. Parents of these children were teenagers in the 1980s where the beauty industry was strongly evolving resulting to the increased rate of bulling and teasing in elementary schools from those who considered themselves to be beautiful and match the standards portrayed by the over-sexed media. This explains their laxity in controlling and limiting the time and money their children spend on beauty treatments (Lowes & Tiggemann, 2003). According to Bob Reitemeier the Chief Executive of Children's society in UK reports that the two year study that they recently conducted on ten year old girls revealed that they were under pressure to grow up quickly from the society and their parents (La et al. , 2004). Other surveys that have been recently conducted reveal that more ten year old girls are focused on losing their weight because of the anxiety they have of impersonating beauty models who most of the time are their idols (Lowes & Tiggemann, 2003). The young girls spent almost all their pocket money on exercises to lose weight while saving some for future plastic surgery on their breasts or noses. There has also being reports that young diabetic girls skip out on their regularly dose of insulin as it makes them add on weight further worsening their health condition. This is because they consider beauty to be the most important aspect in their lives than anything else, even health. Thill is among one of the many girls that adores this impeccable behaviour. She has damaged her kidneys and has had to undergo surgery on her eyes twice in a period of six months because of blood vessel haemorrhage (McLellan, 2002). According to La et al. (2004), the anxiety and pressure build up in the young girls is attributed to the freedom they are accorded by their parents to access information that is linked with maturity as it perpetuates sexual and relationship behaviours. Young girls own large collection of make-up, shoes, clothes, handbags, are addiction to sexually enticing programs, spend a lot of time on the mirror when preparing themselves and must check their appearance when walking past a mirror to maintain the mature look they have adopted which they believe is beautiful. Most beauty spas report that younger and younger girls are regularly visiting their parlous to get beauty treatments like manicure, pedicure and laser hair removal among other things. Moreover the beauty spa attendants report their astonishment at the tender age of girls even five year old that are predominantly becoming their regular customers (McLellan, 2002). A survey that was recently conducted in London by Lewes & Tiggemann (2003), shows that more kids spas have been established as the youngsters are enticing the beauty industry because they earn over ?40 million per month therefore, they estimate that by the time the ten year old girls will be fifty years they would have spend a minimum of about ?400,000 on beauty treatment. Although women have greatly strive to be beautiful over the years, the trend practiced by girls at their tender age is consuming time that they can utilize to nurture their talents for instance in sports and to further improve their performances in school by reading vastly. The children also have a higher possibility of suffering from health issues in their later lives because of the early exposure to chemicals which mostly are untested. From the above information it is likely that the young girls will end up with depression from the anxiety of looking like their dream models in their later life. Most of them develop anorexia in the event of losing weight. Therefore, parents should set limitation to the kind of television programs, movies, magazines and the amount of time spent on beauty treatments parlours to avert this obsession that is slowing seeping of the pride and confidence of young girls. Parents should encourage their children to watch educational programs that have limited advertisement interruptions and allow them to participate in childhood games and activities. Moreover, they should monitor sleeping behaviour of their children as those who have a habit of sleeping late are more exposed to programs that portray sexuality and fashion as the norm of today. Furthermore, the parents should create time to spend with their children and thus monitor their growth effectively to teach their kids their purpose in life to avoid them developing future insecurities on their beauty. By so doing they will have helped their children to learn that inner beauty is more important than outside body. In conclusion I totally agree with the statement that ‘younger and younger girls today are obsessed with looking good (being beautiful). Its more important to them than anything else in their lives'. This fanaticism is wholly sad because these young children will be the future leaders of tomorrow and if not well nurtured will not effectively perform their roles thus greatly affecting their children and the old generation that will be under their care. Therefore, it is a high time for the society to start respecting children and stop regarding them in accordance to their gender.

Amy Tan

Amy Tan Amy Tan was born in 1952 in John and Daisy Tan of Chinese immigrants in Oakland, California. Her family eventually settled in Santa Clara. When Tan was in his teens, one of his father and brother died of brain tumor within a few months. In the meantime, Tan learned that her mother got married to an abusive husband in China. After his divorce, her mother left China and left three daughters during the Communist Party acquisition. Amy Tan struggled with many of the problems posed by her dual culture and she expressed this in her work. Daisy and Jong Tang are parents of postwar immigrants and Amy Tan (Amy Tan). Tan was given the name of Chinese, blessing of America, Mei Mei (McCarthy). For them, this is a blessing they will win after their struggle. After World War II, Tan's father arrived in the United States and became Minister (Amy Tan). Than life seems to be progressing well, but the tragedy is shocking. Amy Tan is a Chinese-American writer and is known for his highly respect ed novel The Joy Luck Club. Amy Ruth Tan was born on February 19, 1952 at John and Daisy Tan in Auckland, California. Amy 's parents are Chinese immigrants who escaped China to get out of trouble. Amy 's mother Daisy divorced her abusing husband, left three daughters, then moved to the United States and married John, the father of Amy. Marriage bore three children, Amy Tan Amy Tan was born in 1952 in John and Daisy Tan of Chinese immigrants in Oakland, California. Her family eventually settled in Santa Clara. When Tan was in his teens, one of his father and brother died of brain tumor within a few months. In the meantime, Tan learned that her mother got married to an abusive husband in China. After divorcing him, her mother fled from China during the acquisition of the Communist Party, left three daughters, and she will ... even if broken and broken Growing up in words that could be considered, the love affair of Amy Tan's language allowed her to accept the change in English surroun ding her. In her essay mother tongue, Tan talked about her inner conflict with her mother from English education. Tan who shows her experience as a teenager like her mother and shares it is dissatisfied with the difficulty of being seriously incapable of thinking seriously

Women and children in mesopotamia Research Paper

Women and children in mesopotamia - Research Paper Example Many cultures have continually improved upon equality for women throughout time, and thus it seems that the ancient world would provide some of the most dangerous and unfair societies for women to live in. However, in Daughters of Isis: Women of Ancient Egypt, Joyce Tildesley argues that women in Ancient Egypt actually experienced a great deal of political and financial freedom (Tildesley, 2005), particularly when compared with its contemporary cultures. A number of goddesses (including Isis herself) played a huge role in Egyptian culture and there were also a huge number of ruling Pharaoh women who were able to take power without marriage to a man. This situation may be due to a huge number of factors, including the unusual geographical features of Egypt, which will be covered within this paper. However, despite the fact that women in Ancient Egypt experienced a number of freedoms that women in Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece and Rome did not have access to (Tildesley, 2005), it is clea r that men still dominated society, and some of the assumptions of fairness are based upon documents that may not be accurate. Geographical Features Ancient Egypt was subject to a number of geographical constraints, mostly related to its place on the river Nile. This is often suggested to have made a difference to the lifestyles that people led within the area and the constraints on what they were allowed to do. As an arid landscape, the Nile River provided the only source of water in the area, and the people relied upon this to grow crops. If the Nile did not flood as expected, food could be scarce for the next year (Stearns, Gosch & Grieshaber, 2008). In this way, the Egyptians placed a lot of emphasis on the way that the river worked and could only work in certain areas dependent on the seasons. It is perhaps this need for flexibility for living and working arrangements that meant that women could have a more flexible attitude towards work and property ownership, which would depe nd on the Nile (Stearns, Gosch & Grieshaber, 2008). Although Ancient Egypt is generally considered to be a separate culture than those surrounding it, it must be noted that there were several visitors to the region who may have had an influence on Egyptian culture (Stearns, Gosch & Grieshaber, 2008). Those from the Greek empire often came, and wrote many observations about the Egyptian way of life. Assyria and Canaan were neighbors, and it is military campaigns between these cultures and the Egyptians that may have played a role in the attempt to eradicate female pharaohs in the New Kingdom. Mesopotamia was also a hugely important ancient culture, and the status of women here represents well the treatment of women in the majority of the ancient world, and thus will be covered in more detail later. Women in Ancient Egypt It is often argued that women held a prized place in Ancient Egyptian society for a number of reasons. There were a huge number of influential female Pharaohs in Anc ient Egypt, including Cleopatra (Tildesley, 2005). The ability of women to hold a ruling position seems to go against much of what occurred within the Ancient World and even within modernized Europe and America. However, it could be argued that there were still a majority of male pharaohs and many of these ruling women did not take part in the same number of administrative duties as the men (Stearns, Gosch & Grieshaber, 2008). Both men and women in ancient Egypt did have the right to own property, as well as take this property with them as part of divorce proceedings. In this area, Egyptian women did seem to have a much more positive role in legal proceedings, particularly when it is noted that these freedoms were not part of

Cardiac Tissue Engineering Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cardiac Tissue Engineering - Term Paper Example The accordion-like, honeycomb, polymer scaffold matches the structural and mechanical characteristics of heart tissues by being directionally dependent. This means that the tissues that were cultivated on the scaffold gave similar electrophysiological responses to those of the native heart. The nature of the scaffold also intrinsically guides the alignment of cultured cells even without electrical stimulation (Engelmayr et al., 2008). Compared to previous scaffolds, this one has mechanical properties that are very similar to those of the native heart.   ‘application of principles and methods of engineering and life sciences toward fundamental understanding of structure-function relationship in normal and pathological mammalian tissues and the development of biological substitutes to restore, maintain or improve functions’ (as quoted in Eschenhagen & Zimmermann, 2005). Tissue engineering employs biological, engineering, and material sciences to replace and improve the function of biological tissues. There are three general strategies used (Langer & Vacanti, 1993): 3. implantation of cells on matrices to the body either in closed systems (where the implants are isolated from other tissues to prevent immune system attack), and open systems where the cells are incorporated into the system. Matrices (or scaffolds) may be created from natural materials or from synthetic polymers. The current techniques involve the production of tissues from donor cells that have been seeded on three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds, then inducing growth of new healthy tissues by culture and implantation of these scaffolds to the chosen organ.  

The Problem with Satisfying a Demanding Audience Essay

The Problem with Satisfying a Demanding Audience - Essay Example Originality in itself presents a problem. Before something completely original is understood, it needs to gain acceptance by an audience. By the time audiences understand and embrace a concept, it is not new anymore. Various bandwagons are therefore evident in the world of literature, music, and entertainment in general. Some of the most famous examples of a platform from which various spin-offs were created are Shakespeare’s plays Hamlet and Othello. In fact, the themes, premises, and scenarios of most of Shakespeare’s plays are to be found in other intellectual creations since they were written, and continue to be promulgated to this day. Everybody is aware, for example, that West Side Story is a re-hash of the Romeo and Juliet story. Yet it is not paradoxical to say that the two are original. "Just as Tony and Maria, our Romeo and Juliet, set themselves apart from the other kids by their love, so we have tried to set them even further apart by their language, their songs, their movement. Wherever possible in the show, we have tried to heighten emotion or to articulate inarticulate adolescence through music, song or dance," Arthur Laurents said about the development of characters in West Side Story. (New York Herald Tribune, August 4, 1957) The statement is possibly as far removed from William Shakespeare’s original idea for a play as it is likely to be. The concept of adolescence as a pressure group did not exist in Shakespeare’s time: people were adults and ‘marriageable’ as soon as they reached puberty. The ideas are similar, but the audience ‘readings’ are necessarily totally different. This kind of work, that so clearly takes on the themes and premises of another, is called derivative.  

Economics of Race and Gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Economics of Race and Gender - Essay Example In the movies, Freedom Writers, Crash and The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter, this is apparent. In all three films discrimination based on race, and gender is a social condition. It is even bordering on the realm of norms and public policy. All these films show that discrimination based on race and gender to be a product of social institutions and social interactions. The failure of social integration, the absence of acceptance and the disdain against specific sectors of society results to this. Â  Discrimination based on race and gender may be alleviated by a paradigm shift in terms of mindset. The whole system of discrimination is built on mere distorted ideas, and perceptions made manifest. If this can be corrected via education, reorientation and cultural understanding it would cease. These false distinctions can be proven to be inconsequential and irrelevant social constructions. Â  Social and cultural diversity is common in modern society. However, the underlying negative aspect of diversity is marginalization. Often this is because of discrimination and the failure to integrate into mainstream society. Â  Social integration is the process of creating unity, inclusion, and participation at all levels of society within the diversity of personal attributes so that every person is free to be the person she wants to be. Personal attributes include socio-economic class, age, gender - sexual preference and expression, political ideas, ethnicity and cultural traits, religion, citizenship (national origin) and geographical region of origin and so on (Cruz-Saco 2). Â  

Best Practices in Corrections Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Best Practices in Corrections - Research Paper Example This system is a sub-system of the wider system of criminal justice. The latter includes police, courts of law, and prosecution. Arguably, the most common and best-known correctional institution is the prison. This paper, however, focuses on reentry programs as a part of the correctional system. The aim of the paper is to undertake an exploration of best practices in reentry programs from existing academic literature. This goal will be achieved by first providing a description of the programs. Next, key success elements or factors of the programs will be discussed. Thereafter, empirical support or evidence of the effectiveness of the programs will be analyzed. Finally, the role of the programs in complementing other correctional services will be discussed. Every year over 650,000 offenders are released from America’s correctional facilities alone (Office of Justice Programs, 2012). Research reveals that two-thirds of those released are likely to relapse into crime and offenses. For this reason, offenders who are released constitute a significant threat to public safety. This is where reentry programs come in. The term ‘offender reentry’ refers to the return of offenders from correctional institutions into the communities they come from. Reentry programs are initiatives or partnerships forged by authorities to ensure a smooth transition when a prisoner or another offender completes their sentence and returns to the community. Reentry programs emanate from the knowledge that offenders who go back home after serving their jail terms encounter many challenges. These challenges include lack of social acceptance, education, job skills, housing, and counseling. In addition, some returnees resort to substance and drug abus e. Reentry programs can also be seen from the point of view of law enforcement(Office of Justice Programs, 2012). In this view, the return of offenders from facilities of correction is a matter of the safety of the officer and the

Teams and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Teams and Leadership - Essay Example Ideally, a leader is capable of creating a vision for the organization and has the ability to inspire the people around him. However, these important traits are usually not present in leaders at a very high level. Most leaders in practice in most practice are working at a demanding operational level that requires a specific set of knowledge and skills—and therefore the virtuous traits are often ruled out. It will be very helpful of to consider leadership in management. It will serve in the best interest of the organization (Trent 2004). Forming the right team is crucial in attaining success in the performance of tasks because research shows that the composition of a team and the complexity of the tasks are directly related to performance. This was of particular concern the study of Higgs, Plewnia, and Ploch (2005). The authors used the Belbin Team Role model to operationalize team diversity and used questionnaires to assess task complexity and performance. The results of the study demonstrated that there is a clear relationship between team compositions (which is related to diversity), complexity of task and team performance. Complex tasks are positively related to a diversified team. However, it is negatively related for straightforward tasks. This implies that it will be beneficial to consider the complexity of the task when forming a cohesive team. The mix of the individuals is important because the talents of a diversified group are more likely to cover wider tasks. The degree of complexity will give clues on w hat will comprise the mix of individuals to be included in the team in terms of diversity of personal traits. These insights will provide a helpful framework in establishing high performance teams. There is also correlation between team constraint and team performance. Constraint is defined as the quantitative measure that pertains to the pattern of connections between contacts in

Causes of Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Causes of Climate Change - Essay Example Greenhouse gases are crucial in sustaining life on earth. They allow rays from the sun to enter but stop them from escaping to outer space. However, individuals cause the release of more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere making the greenhouse effect stronger. As a result, the earth’s climate begins to change because more heat is trapped (Directgov 2012). Changes in the energy output of the sun cause the climate to change. This is because the sun is a vital source of energy that drives the climate system. This effect is referred to as solar irradiance. Research has indicated that variability in solar energy has played a major role in the previous climate changes. However, there is not sufficient evidence to support the effect of solar irradiance on the current global warming (NASA 2012). The earth’s climate is changed and influenced by natural causes such as ocean currents, volcanic eruptions, solar variations, and changes in the earth’s orbital. For instance, volcanic eruptions produce gases such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, causes climate change but its effects are minimal compared to the emissions caused by humans (Climatechangechallenge.org 2012). In conclusion, there are two causes of climate change, human and natural causes. Human causes have led to the increase of greenhouse gases in the air which causes a change in the climate. Natural causes also lead to changes in climate, but their effects are minimal compared to the human causes. The effect of solar irradiance on the climate is also

Victim’s responsibility Essay Example for Free

Victim’s responsibility Essay According to Karmen (2007), the question of â€Å"victim’s responsibility† can be reduced to six, listed from least to most guilty. The first is 100% guilt free victim, a victim that might be the victim of a random crime. After this, there is victim proneness, the specific kind of victim I have chosen for the first example used. Proneness is actually the adaption of a risky lifestyle that leaves one open to criminal mischief without actually precipitating it in any way. The next stage if victim facilitation, where certain ingredients for a crime are left in the vision of the criminal, such as wearing gold rings in a crime-ridden part of town. Then there is victim precipitation, where the victim has goaded the criminal in some way, leading to a crime. After this is the worst, victim provocation, where the victim has attacked or otherwise abused the criminal to such an extent that the criminal becomes such involuntarily. Lastly, the 100% guilty victim, the victim creating a crime for various motives, getting attention, etc. For this project I have chosen two murder cases: the first, the murder of Lana Clarkson by famed music producer Phil Spector in 2003, and the more recent murder of Meredith Kirchner by Amanda Cox (et al) in 2007. Given the evidence of the two cases thus far it is likely that both perpetrators are guilty. Cox has confessed to the murder of Kirchner, and, while the jury is still out on the Spector case, it does not look good. This essay will, for the sake of the course, assume that both Cox and Spector are guilty. The first case happened in February of 2003. The victim, a long time actress in secondary roles, was working part time in a local, trendy nightclub in Los Angeles. She met Phil Spector, and, only after a few hours, was in his mansion, where she was murdered. Spector says that she killed herself and was complaining of being â€Å"down† (Guardian, 2003). But the question of victimology is given in a (2003) op-ed piece by Wesley Strick, who chides the victim for getting into a limo with a stranger, or, barring that, that Mr. Spector was no strange, and had a reputation for violence and bizarre behavior (Strick, 2003). Hence, this case seems to flirt between victim proneness and Mr. Strick’s clear statement of victim felicitation. While it is true that working as an attractive hostess in a trendy bar is itself risky, the fact that she would have no qualms about getting into Spector’s limo with only a brief amount of time together may well bleed into victim felicitation. The second case I chose was the more recent murder of British college student in Italy, Meredith Kerchner. As of this writing, Amanda Cox, one of her murderers, has been convicted in Italy after a confession (Owen, 2007a). But Owen (2007b) holds that there was a certain level of victim felicitation. The reports of this case show that Miss Cox was mentally unstable, and that some of her roommates were very interested in vampirism and violent images (comics, etc). The reports on this case all suggest that violent sex games were planned Holoween night, and that Miss herchner was killed for refusing to play them. But it also is clear that the victim knew of these propensities, though not of their extent (Owen, 2007a) It seems that staying in this company goes a bit beyond victim proneness (thought this can be argued) and their Halloween antics might show a greater tilt towards victim felicitation, similar to the above case. Regardless, in both cases, the minimum one can claim is that both victims were prone to crime and were living risky lifestyles. At the same time, the decision to get into the car with Spector is parallel with the decision to stay with roommates and friends who had already shown some inclination to bizarre behavior. Hence, one can hold that both victims facilitated the crimes they became the victims of. At the same time, neither of the two victims mentioned above can be convicted of any of the more extreme forms of victim guilt, that of precipitation or provocation, at least with the evidence so far uncovered. If, for example, Miss Kerchner was involved in the sex games, and then withdrew, then one could make the claim that she was precipitating the crime. References: For the Lana Clarkson case: na (2003, 4 February). B-Movie Actress Named as Shooting Victim. Guardian.Strick, Leslie (2007, 18 April) Lana Clarkson’s Fade to Black. Los Angeles Times For the Meredith Kerchner case: Owen, Richard. (2007a, 7 November) Meredith Kerchner Killed After Refusing Orgy. The Times Online (http://www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/news/world/europe/article2821154. ece) . (2007b, 9 November) Meredith Killed for Refusing Violent Sex. Times Online. (http://www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/news/world/europe/article2841412. ece) For the victims typology: Karmen, A (2007) Crime Victims: An Introduction to Victimology. Thompson-Wadsworth.

Gilberts short story The yellow wallpaper Essay Example for Free

Gilberts short story The yellow wallpaper Essay Gilberts chronical of her own descent into madness is set in a remote, isolated older home, with very beautiful surroundings, and more in particular and old nursery in which Gilbert is imprisoned for her own sanity. The ironic point is that it is the cure for her insanity that creates the insanity she ultimately adopts. The narrator is a repressed woman with nowhere to go except madness. As a parallel to Kate Chopins Story of an Hour in which death was the escape to freedom, Gilbert emphasizes that the narrators only escape to freedom was madness. The story is divided into time frames with each period detailling her descent into madness. In the first section it is wise to note that both John and her brother are prominent physicians and believe that she needs to be unstimulated in order to overcome post-partum depression, as was practiced by such prominent theorist as Sels Weir Mitchell, who was in fact Gilberts own physician at the time the story was written. ( as a side note: It is of interest to note that after reading Gilberts account of her own feelings in this short story, Wier Mitchell discontinued the use of rest therapy.) We discover in later time frames that John is in denial of his wifes deteriorating medical condition, mainly as a result of the societal stigmas of mental illness and the affluence of his status. The room that is the primary setting is very institutionalized and unstimulating. There is this dilapitated, detoriorating, smelly, yellow wall paper with a design representative of Gilberts madness, that eventually becomes her savior. As she succumbs to dymentia, the narrator has hallucinations of a women behind the wallpaper. The narrator becomes convinced this woman is trapped by the wallpaper but yet, manages to successfully escape even if only to slink around the shrubbery. The narrator identifies with the delusions, eventually forging with the delusion, making the separation of one from the other impossible. She describes in detail the horror of those around her as they become to realise the extent of the mental illness hidden in the narrator. The speaker  makes reference to feelings of paranoia that John and Jenny are going to somehow intrude on the relationship she has with the wallpaper, and admits that she liked the room inspite of the wallpaper, no because of the wallpaper. The wallpaper represent to the narrator., a chance for freedom and the cost was insanity, just as the intricate design that was a crime against all the rules of design that had been implied upon first consideration.

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Esearch English Language Essay

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Esearch English Language Essay Abstract The purpose of this research is going to evaluate the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages for NTIC students. The research is based on lists of literature review that refer to the academic search engine or online learning resources acquiring. The primary research conducts by a questionnaire. The sample mainly comes from students who study at Nottingham Trent International College and try to find out a reasonable result. The sample size is twenty-eight student of NTIC. The findings unveil that the advantages of using eSearch engine outweigh the disadvantages for the NTIC students. There were total 96% respondents have thought eSearch style is important for academic information acquiring. There were twenty-six respondents think the advantages of using eSearch engine outweigh the disadvantages. This finding may help students who study at NTIC to know and use the eSearch on the NTU website. Introduction This is a research project report. It attempts to find out some significance about using academic search engine such eSearch on the NTU website. Probably, some NTIC students do not know what exactly function and action does eSearch has. Hopefully, the prospective finding may be a beneficial and helpful guidance for NTIC students. Background The development of information and communication technology started from 1970s. In the past two decades, the applications based on information and communication technology has made great progress in actual applications. In this day and age, information and communication technology is developing rapidly. There are varieties of electronic applications based on the Internet and computer. For example, the search engine such as Google, that plays a very vital role in present work, study, amusement and everywhere in life. However, for some academic research area, general search engine is not very good for academic purpose (Golian, 2000). Accordingly, an academic search engine such as eSearch application of Nottingham Trent University (NTU) website come out. Students can obtain abundant academic resources and do the research by this kind of web based software. Such academic search engines have became more and more popular among numerous learning institutions. Hypothesis and Research Problem In terms of students of Nottingham Trent International College (NTIC), looking for a valid and reliable academic information resource is a very important thing for those who is doing a research project or just for an essay purpose. My hypothesis is that to use eSearch probably is a better way for students who would like to obtain academic information resources. Therefore, my research question is that whether the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages for NTIC students or not. Aim and Objectives This research will conduct by a questionnaire. The overall aim of this research is intended to evaluate the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages for NTIC students. The outcome of this research will be a guide of using the eSearch, especially for those who still do not know what the eSearch application is. As for explicit objectives of this work, it will focus on: To find out what benefits of use of eSearch has of value to NTIC students. To investigate why NTIC students use eSearch engine on NTU website. To indicate to what extend the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages for NTIC students. Literature Review In point of fact, the eSearch is a web-based and academic search engine. The main purpose of this literature review is going to provide an overview that explores some evidence of primary research or book into the use of academic search engines, which will relate to the eSearch and selected research question area. The literature review is going to divide into two sections. At the first section, it will look at what advantages and disadvantages of use of academic search engine have been referred to and what is still not mentioned. At the second section, it will look at some actual use and relative reason that students use academic search engine. The advantages and disadvantages of the eSearch The eSearch application can be used in the field of information gathering and subject research. There are many research finding shown that the use of academic search engine has advantages and disadvantages. Kruse (2004) argues that eSearch provides a fast and convenient way that learners obtain useful information resources. Ma (2006) agrees with him and he also indicates that the learning by eSearch can be lifetime learning with the low cost. In fact, the essence of eSearch belongs to the scope of e-learning system. Holmes and Gardner (2006) argue that e-learning style based on web or other information and communication technology, the learners can learn what they want to learn by internet. Meanwhile, some finding also showed the disadvantages of use of academic search engine. Kruse (2004) considers that sometimes there are some technical issues that the possibility of obtaining wrong information when using eSearch application access to the resources, which will waste time. Moreover, Allen (2003) mentions that the e-learning system is faultiness, which lack of effective and collaborative learning and so much research research by e-learning way that results a pool performance. In spite of these literature mentioned are both advantages and disadvantages of using eSearch style, all finding are surface and general, which seems just about the way that acquires information by web based application like eSearch is good or bad. The scope of data collection is very broad. They did not focus on a special group and mention any advantages or disadvantages of using eSearch application that relate to students who want to obtain academic information resources, especially for those who want to know whether advantages of using eSearch to do a research project outweigh disadvantages among the NTIC. This seems like that more work need to do in this specific area. The practical use of eSearch At present, the academic search engine as a common practice is likely playing vital role in a majority of learning institutions. On the one hand, Allen (2003) points that many students obtain information by using eSearch style because it is more flexible and interesting for their learning. On the other hand, Allen also mentions that some students think that eSearch applicatons are boring, useless, a weak searching function that cannot access useful resources after they tried eSearch applications. In spite of that, the eSearch application is still play an active role on learning of research. In practical case, positive attitudes are more than negative attitudes (Burgess, 2007). It seems like that the development of information and communication technology lead to an inevitable outcome. However, their finding did not mention that how important or useful when using an eSearch application to do a academic research. Furthermore, due to eSearch style can get academic information resources validly and reliably, many libraries of learning institutions develop electronic library as an academic information research tool. Gibbons (2007) argues that the academic library is based on Web 2.0 with abundant academic information resources, which can simply search a book or other academic information. Meanwhile, Gibbons highlights that eSearch style provides wonderful chance for students who live in the web generation. Nevertheless, all previous results just show obtaining academic information resources by eSearch style is recommended, but for NTIC students, there is no research finding to show that the advantages of using eSearch on NTU website outweigh disadvantages. Probably, this gap will be filled by this research. Methodology This section is going to state what research method was choose for the data collection of this research and how to administer it. Research methodology is not only about what methods the study use, the logic behind the method is quite important as well and it also need to explain why the particular method was selected and why did not choose others (Kumar, 2008). Method of Data Collecting A questionnaire that based on chosen topic area has been used for data collection. This is main and unique method of data collection this research used. Others like interview or observation have been considered, however, due to lack of times, those are complex method for this research. To use those way, which are harder to administer and probably will cost more time. Therefore, in order to collect suitable information immediately and efficiently. The questionnaire was chosen. To see how good the questionnaire done, which is a relatively appropriate way for the purpose that collecting useful information among students who study at NTIC. Questionnaire Administering The questionnaire of this research was administered via both email and face to face way. These two ways are both work well. To deliver questionnaires via face to face way, it seems like an optimum approach to get the information of the research back. In fact, sometimes to ask questions and get answers from others especially those who are stranger and do not know where do their answers going. They not only worry about the security of some privacy but also introverted when face to a stranger. Forasmuch there is a little difficult via face to face way, in order to supply a deficiency, some questionnaires sent via email. The respondents randomly came from the email list of NTIC students. Description of Questionnaire There are thirteen questions in the questionnaire (appendix 1) and include two question types. Most of questions are list question. There were nine questions are list, which gave several or more choices for respondents. Other four questions are scale question, which provide different stages of scaling for respondents. There were four important questions out of thirteen on the questionnaire. They were numbers 6, 7, 8 and 11 on the questionnaire. The most important question was number 11. The aim of this question was to indicate to what extend the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages for NTIC students. This question was asked because the answer may provide very useful information from NTIC students, which was concentrated on the research question area. Questionnaire Piloting There were some worth the whistle information when the questionnaire was piloted. The questionnaire was given to thirty people. The people were students at NTIC. Among these thirty students, there were twenty-eight returned the questionnaire back. The twenty-eight respondents were from different levels at the NTIC. Why those two people who did not accept the questionnaire? The reason is that one of them had been answered too many questionnaire at the same time. Another one accepted the questionnaire by email but did not return it. Probably due to he has no enough time to do. Anyway, twenty-eight available questionnaires were available. In addition, some respondents mentioned that per questionnaire spent about time 3 minutes and the question type and layout of the questionnaire are acceptable. However, there were one person mentioned that there were one question is not appreciate for the data collecting about this research question. It was question 10. This question talked about lectures and trainings for the use of eSearch engine by NTU or NTIC. He thought this question is unnecessary because the research question is about balancing advantages and disadvantages. Why asking question about training. I have checked this question. I think this is a useful question because the answer is how essential eSearch trainings are. If most people think the eSearch training is essential, which means using eSearch is important. This answer could affect the final finding. Sampling Strategy In order to carry out a significative finding from based on the research question, a sampling technique will be considered. The questionnaire was focus on students who study at NTIC. At the beginning of this research, the whole NTU was considered. However, this is too broad way to collect data for the research area. NTIC students as a representative of the NTU as a whole, they use the eSearch engine on the NTU website as well. To choose this group would be better than choose whole NTU, because the collected data is available for the chosen research area, and it is also easier to reach this group at different level then produce a good sample. Ethical Considerations The privacy issue had been considered. Indeed, a research problem based on human activities has been virtually involved in some ethical issues (Bernard, 2000). Furthermore, the trust issue is important as well. These issues will cause valid and reliable of data collected. Hence, an anonymous survey was adopted. Findings and Discussion This section is going to carry out findings for the research question. Following data analysis and discussion was based on the primary research. Figure 1 shows that there were twenty-eight NTIC students use online search engine to acquire information, which means all respondents were using online search engine although they were different majors and taking different programmes. It can be seen that there were twenty students use online search engine, who are taking graduate diploma programme. There were five diploma students and three foundation students use online search engine. It is clearly to see that graduate diploma students use online search engine were more than both diploma and foundation students. There is a strong possibility that graduate diploma students who are preparing for the master course, which means their work need to do more research and then they searching online intended to acquire more information. Furthermore, we can see that diploma students more than foundation students, which probably due to the degree of diploma higher than foundation and they did more research than foundation. If so, it seems like that the result just demonstrated the previous speculation. As for business students, there were five students use online search engine to acquire information but there were no statistical figures refer to diploma and foundation students. It is likely not business students of taking diploma and foundation programme did not use online search engine but probably due to the questionnaire did not reached diploma and foundation group at business field. The top group of using online search engine was computing students. There were nine students responded yes in total. In comparison with media students, statistics were quite similar and just a little less than computing students. There were eight students responded yes in total. Most respondents belong these two groups. The possible reason is that they are both IT guys. Media students probably were a little bit weaker in computer and Internet operating skills. There were three students who taking law programme use online engine to acquire information and same number in other students group, which is the least statistics in this survey. There were two students are graduated diploma students, which have about 66% of total. Only one diploma student was marked. Maybe graduate diploma students need to do more research and then they use online search engine to acquire information. Totally, all respondents use online search engine to acquire information. Although the proportion of graduate diploma students is more than others, this is not the focus of the research project. The key finding from this figure is likely that everyone need to use online search engine regardless of what programme the student does. Therefore, there is a strong possibility that students could benefit more from using search engine to acquire information. This pie chart shown the proportion of different attitudes that how important to NTIC students is accessing academic learning resources by an eSearch engine. It can be seen that the rate of important is quiet high than others. Many NTIC students thought using eSearch engine accessing academic learning resources is important. The proportion reached 67%. This is the highest number. Probably these respondents use eSearch engine on the NTU website frequently because they think it is important for their learning. Meanwhile, there were 18% respondents think accessing academic learning resources by an eSearch engine is very important. Although the number is not in the top, it still reached the second. Combining with the rate of thinking eSearch is important, which likely means there were majority of respondents who prefer using eSearch engine to obtain academic learning resources. Regarding to others, the proportion of respondents who thinking the use of eSearch is slightly important has 11%. Maybe there are some technical issues leads to those who think eSearch is slightly important. Only 4% respondents think that is not important by eSearch engine to acquire academic learning resources. It seems they just do not care it instead of never use it. According to the figure 2, total 96% respondents have thought eSearch style is important for academic information acquiring. Merely the extent of importance of using eSearch displayed different levels. An realistic estimate would be that using eSearch on the NTU website to access academic learning resources is a important way for NTIC students who writing a academic essay or doing a research project. Further speculation would be that using eSearch might have more beneficial and helpful than without it. From figure 3 we can see the numbers of respondents which balancing the advantages of using eSearch and disadvantages. It shows the rate which NTIC students think the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages by three different programme groups that include foundation, diploma and graduate diploma. There were total seventeen graduate diploma students, five diploma students and six foundation students. Almost all respondents consider that the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages for NTIC students. There were only few thoughts (one graduate diploma students and one foundation students) of respondents between these two extremes. And there was nobody thinks the disadvantages of using eSearch outweght advantages. There were five graduate diploma students believe that using eSearch engine possess absolute advantages, the disadvantages could be ignored. There were one diploma and two foundation students who think the advantages of using eSearch is undoubted. This statistical range is not a topmost but it shown nearly more than 28% of respondents who strongly affirmed the advantages of using eSearch. Maybe their feeling of dependence to the Internet is strong and seems they use eSearch frequently. There were eighteen respondents picked extent four, which means they agree with that the advantages of using eSearch engine outweigh disadvantages. This is not absolute but somewhat. These statistical numbers were more than half of total respondents. The numbers of graduate diploma students reached a peak at this range. There were eleven respondents choose somewhat advantages for using eSearch. Probable reason is that most respondents came from graduate diploma students just less numbers of respondents who taking other programme. Respondents who taking diploma and foundation programme have five people, which four were diploma students and three of were foundation students. Taking one with another, respondents who think absolute advantages eSeach has, the numbers raised about one-third of total numbers of respondents. Adding the two together, there were twenty-six respondents think that the use of eSearch has advantages. This is an overwhelming majority. There is a strong possibility that most NTIC students recognized the advantages of using eSearch on the NTU website, which probably due to the use of eSearch is beneficial and helpful regardless the concerns. From description of statistics and discussion above, the research incessantly deepened. It first looked at the current circumstance of NTIC students using online search engine to acquire information. And then, it analysed the practical using of eSearch. Finally, it took the focus to whether the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages. This part had done its task and gradually unveiled the answer of the research question. Conclusion and Recommendations In this research, the main finding was that most of the NTIC students who came from three different programme groups recognize that the advantages of using eSearch engine outweigh disadvantages. By the literature review, it has been found that many researchers or authors have had some different viewpoint about using the online search engine such as eSearch is an important way to acquire academic information resources. Some people argued that academic search engines have clear advantages and using this way to access academic learning resources is an effective measure. Some disagree. Anyway, it can be understood because things always have advantages and disadvantages. This mainly depends on which way can be looked firstly. Or depends on which area can be used in. Whatever which argument, it was only focus on a surface of using search engine or not even just describe the search engine as a product. There was no any findings been found, which focus on a particular area or learning groups. Come back to the research question of this study, the purpose of this research has been carried out. Eventually, the questionnaire unveiled this finding. Most of respondents who came from NTIC gave distinct responses. They use online search engine as well as eSearch engine on the NTU website frequently. Furthermore, the main limitation of this research is limited method of data collecting. There were two reasons caused this limitation. On the one hand, there was no plenty of time to do more research. To design a comprehensive methodology that can be used in data collecting. Now, due to lack of time, the research just simply distributed questionnaire. There was no enough testing for reliability and validity of data. If the time for researching is sufficient, respondents can be divided into different group. There were foundation, diploma and graduate diploma. More segmentation according to different major groups might be feasible. Particularly, the finding was displayed clearly on the graduate diploma students of the NTIC. It is likely to recommend those students who need to do more research and then they may use eSearch engine on the NTU website and benefit from it. They probably experienced the advantages of using eSearch outweigh the disadvantages. Maybe it was truth already and everybody knows that but nobody to prove it. Therefore, the finding could be specific for those who want to use academic search engine to acquire useful information conveniently and effectively. In addition, it can be guidance toward NTIC students and especially for those who still do not what is eSearch.

An Analysis of the Movie, Double Impact Essay -- Movie Film Essays

An Analysis of the Movie, Double Impact The movie opens twenty-five years ago in Hong Kong. The parents of two twin babies, Alex and Chad, had borrowed money from Raymond Zhang and Nigel Griffith, two lead smugglers. They needed the money in order to build a tunnel between Hong Kong and the mainland. After the tunnel was built and the money collected, Nigel Griffith and Raymond Zhang had a gang of hit men massacre Alex and Chad's family. Frank Avery, a friend of the family, races into the scene and finds the parents already dead. The two babies are in the back seat with a maid. She takes Alex and flees the scene. Frank sees Chad left behind and takes him and runs. Twenty-five years after these events we find Frank Avery, who is played by Geoffrey Lewis, has raised Chad as his own kid. They own a gym in Los Angelos. Frank has been trying to locate the other brother for the past twenty-five years and has finally found his whereabouts in Hong Kong, working for Raymond Zhang, played by Philip Chan Yan Kin, and Nigel Griffith, pla... An Analysis of the Movie, Double Impact Essay -- Movie Film Essays An Analysis of the Movie, Double Impact The movie opens twenty-five years ago in Hong Kong. The parents of two twin babies, Alex and Chad, had borrowed money from Raymond Zhang and Nigel Griffith, two lead smugglers. They needed the money in order to build a tunnel between Hong Kong and the mainland. After the tunnel was built and the money collected, Nigel Griffith and Raymond Zhang had a gang of hit men massacre Alex and Chad's family. Frank Avery, a friend of the family, races into the scene and finds the parents already dead. The two babies are in the back seat with a maid. She takes Alex and flees the scene. Frank sees Chad left behind and takes him and runs. Twenty-five years after these events we find Frank Avery, who is played by Geoffrey Lewis, has raised Chad as his own kid. They own a gym in Los Angelos. Frank has been trying to locate the other brother for the past twenty-five years and has finally found his whereabouts in Hong Kong, working for Raymond Zhang, played by Philip Chan Yan Kin, and Nigel Griffith, pla...

The Physical and Emotional Journeys of Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Ess

The Physical and Emotional Journeys of Jane Eyre The novel "Jane Eyre" by Charlotte Brontë consists of the continuous journey through Jane's life towards her final happiness and freedom. This is effectively supported by five significant 'physical' journeys she makes, which mirror the four emotional journeys she makes. 10-year-old Jane lives under the custody of her Aunt Reed, who hates her. Jane resents her harsh treatment by her aunt and cousins so much that she has a severe temper outburst, which results in her aunt sending her to Lowood boarding school. At the end of the eight years, she has become a teacher at Lowood. At the age of eighteen she seeks independence and becomes governess at Thornfield Hall. Over time, Jane falls in love with its master, Edward Rochester, who eventually proposes to her. On their wedding day, the sermon is abruptly halted by the announcement that Rochester's insane wife is kept locked up in the attic of Thornfield. Jane runs away. Penniless and almost starving, Jane roams the countryside in search of shelter, until she finds the house of St John, Mary, and Diana Rivers, who take her in and nurse her back to health. Jane then acquires an unexpected inheritance from her uncle. One night, Jane 'hears' Mr Rochester's voice calling for her, and decides to return to Thor nfield immediately. On her return, she finds Thornfield to be a "blackened ruin" due to a fire which has left Rochester blind with only one arm and killed his wife. Jane goes to Rochester's new home, and they are married. Jane's 'physical' journeys contribute significantly to plot development and to the idea that the novel is a 'journey' through Jane's life. "Jane Eyre's" chronological structure... ...law, and scorned and crushed the insane promptings of a frenzied moment." To start with, Jane is oppressed by her aunt and is allowed no will of her own, she is completely "a dependant" and has "no money". This situation improves enormously when Jane goes to Lowood, although she is still a servant in Thornfield until she runs away to Marsh End, where she must still depend on others in order to survive. Jane eventually gains her freedom through her inheritance, and the fact that she no longer has to depend on Rochester. Jane's physical and emotional journeys are brought to an end in the last chapter, where she switches from past to present tense: "My Edward and I, then, are happy....." This shows that she is no longer looking back, only forward to her future happiness as she has finally reached her 'destination'.

Society and Government Essay -- Philosophy, Hobbes, Locke

Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan and John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government have produced two definitive and vastly different theories of government. Though both philosophers seem to be embedded in the concept of a natural law, why do Hobbes and Locke seem to come to two opposing conclusions about society and government? The answer lies in critical distinctions between their interpretations on the state of nature, including their conjectures on human nature, their perceptions of freedom and equality, and their ultimate reasoning for civil society. Human nature is an integral part of the state of nature theory. Hobbes’ theorizes that human nature is flawed, with men being naturally selfish and hedonistic: â€Å"of the voluntary acts of every man, the object is some Good to himselfe† (Hobbes, 1996, p. 93). This suggests that in a natural state, humans are only guided by their own needs and wants. As a result, Hobbes believes that the only law that governs the state of nature is maintenance of self-preservation. This gives rise to a clashing of desires, which compels man to undermine any concern for others and put oneself above all else. The extent to which man is able to undermine others for the sake of self-benefit is also limitless according to Hobbes: â€Å"in this law of Nature for where no covenant hath preceded, there hath nor Right been transferred and every man had right to everything; and consequently, no action can be Unjust† (Hobbes, 1996, p. 100). There is a clear Hobbesian view of morality that begins to take form. Good and evil seem to be relative to Hobbes. Because of this, each individual in the state of nature has varying perceptions of morality, which often conflict, creating disagreement that only incites violence. This pr... ...have consent in order to act. This essentially gives sovereign power to the people. This philosophy is also consistent with Locke’s favor for a republican structure of government. The apparent difference seen between the political theories of Hobbes and Locke can be attributed to their differing views on the state of nature. The development of mankind as a selfish being living in a state of war and violently attempting to obtain equality naturally lead Hobbes to conclude that an authoritative power is needed to instill order to chaos. On the other side of the spectrum, Lock molds the state of nature to be a state of peace, and attributing men to Reasonable creatures and consequently creates a representative government where the people hold sovereign power. Essentially, these theories seem are a result of a pessimistic and optimistic framing of nature and humanity.

Propaganda in indoctrinating Nazi ideals Essay

The Nazi propaganda after the consolidation of power featured many of the common characteristics associated with totalitarian propaganda; Twisted truths, stereotypical and distorted pictures of populace groups, simple messages repeated frequently and the use of a common enemy as a scapegoat. Also the Nazi propaganda featured many new methods of indoctrination, such as the mass rally meetings and the extensive radio propaganda. But how successful where these ways in conveying and convincing people of Nazi ideals? That is the question which I plan to investigate in my essay. The propaganda campaign launched by the Nazi government was headed by the brilliant orator Joseph Goebbels which was put as Reich Minister for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda where he coordinated the seven different departments: administration and organization, propaganda, radio, press, films, theatre, and adult education. From the department Goebbels controlled all aspects of Nazi propaganda, and since he was such a skilful propagandist almost all parts of the propaganda campaign, especially the radio, became huge successes. Of all the medias available to Goebbels his unquestionable favourite was the radio- the peoples receiver. Goebbels wanted to ensure that every home in Germany was equipped with a â€Å"Volksempfà ¤nger† from which they could listen to propaganda at all times of day. Prices where slashed and in the late 1930 the Germans could boast having the cheapest radios in the world. Radios where even put up in working places and public areas to ensure a maximal amount of listeners. And due to the large effort put into the campaign it became one of the most successful, by 1940 16 million households in Germany listened to Nazi Propaganda via the radio. Another effective way of supplying propaganda to the German people, was ,in theory, by the use of the censored press. In the beginning the press remained relatively unchanged, propaganda message where inserted in some magazine and papers, but most of the press friendly towards the regime remained unchanged, at least in the beginning. Soon Nazis propaganda was found in every page in every paper and by 1945 the Nazis ran 82% of all the newspapers in print.

Arkansas V. Sanders

atomic number 18 Vs. Sanders Do you break or dis admit with the way Arkansas Vs. Sanders eggshell was operate on? In my spirit I dont agree with the way the Arkansas Vs. Sanders case was command Because they violated his dears. I chthonianstand he was transporting drugs to possibly sell them further they should boast handled it in a better way. I dont think that it was right for the jurisprudence to chase his property with bug out permission or even a assure because it violates the 4th and 14th amendment, which intelligibly claims that Thefourth amendmentof the U.S. Constitution provides, The right of the throng to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against reason slight searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no endorsements shall issue, and upon presumptive cause, supported by blaspheming or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. Ultimately, these words attempt to protect two fundamental self-direction delights the right to privacy and freedom from discretionary invasions.And the 14th amendment says, all persons born or naturalized in the United States, which include former slaves new-fashionedly freed. In addition, it forbids states from crossing whatsoever person life, liberty or property, without out-of-pocket process of virtue or to deny to whatever person within its legal power the equal protection of the laws. On April 23, 1976 ships officer David Isom of the little rock, Arkansas, patrol department certain information that the suspicious would be arriving at American Airlines Flight No. 1 at 435 that afternoon.He was withal informed that the suspect who was later identified, as David Rambo would be carrying a green suitcase containing marijuana. Officer David Isom had already come in contact with the suspect onward in January 1976 when he was charged with self-command of marijuana. So officer Isom and 2 different police officers watched out for the suspect who arrived on eon just like the informant told them. As the suspect left the airport he was followed by officer isom and one former(a) police officer and with help of a patrol car they pulled them over a couple blocks away from the airport.When the officer Isom approached the fomite he asked the taxi driver to on the fence(p) his system and with out the suspects permission he searched his luggage. On October 14,1976 the case made it to the ultimate Court and the suspect David Rambo was charged with possession of marijuana and with intent to deliver. Before the visitation the suspect moved to suppress the severalize that was in the suitcase, because they violated his right under the 4th and 14th amendment.On January 31, 1977 the court had another(prenominal) trial to suppress the evidence only they overruled it with no exception but the dogmatic court of Arkansas looked at the suspect conviction and that the people should pack throw out the evidence because they did not have a warrant or any permission to search his belongings but they searched it because there was probable cause. On recent cases like United States v. Chadwick, supra and Coolidge v. immature Hampshire they went through the same thing when the police searched their belongings without a warrant so when they had there trial they over ruled the suppress motion because of probable cause.On February 3, 1977 he was sentenced to 10 years in prison house and was fined $15,000. In rendering a termination in Sanders,the Court concerned itself with aspects of the case comparable to United States v. Chadwickwhere evidence was illegitimately obtained under similar fate. As in Chadwick police acting on probable cause opened luggage strand in the trunk of a positioncarand searched it without a warrant. The majority justices effectual that in both cases there was no danger of law enforcement losing the luggage or its contents since the containers were under the exclusive control of the arresting officers.Thus, the Court concluded the state failed to demonstrate a need for warrant slight search of property stored in the trunk of a stopped railcar like the vehicle in which it rode, the luggage was no longer mobile. Arresting officers had to esteem the likelihood of an automobile leaving the video at the point immediately before a search commenced. In circumstances where police had already seized the object of their interest and held it directly under their control, a search could not be conducted without a warrant.Thus, in rendering the Courts decision, the justices provided specific guidance for law enforcement and the lower courts. The Warrant Clause contained in the quaternate Amendment applies to personal luggage taken from an automobile to the same degree it applies to luggage seized in other locations Although the general principles pertinent to claims of Fourth Amendment violations ar well settled, litigation over requests for curtailment of highly relevant evidence continues to occupy much of the charge of courts at all levels of the state and national judiciary.Courts and law enforcement officials often find it gruelling to discern the proper application of these principles to respective(prenominal) cases, because the circumstances giving rise to suppression requests can vary almost infinitely. However, an simply small difference in the actual situation frequently is viewed as a controlling difference in ascertain Fourth Amendment rights. The present case presents an example. nevertheless two Terms ago, we held that a locked storage locker could not lawfully be searched without a warrant, even though it had been loaded into the trunk of an automobile parked at a curb.United States v. Chadwick, (1977). In earlier cases, on the other hand, the Court sustained the constitutionality of warrant less searches of automobiles and their contents under what has become cognise as the au tomobile exception to the warrant requirement. Chambers v. Maroney (1970), Carroll v. United State (1925). We are presented with the task of determining whether the warrant less search of respondents suitcase falls on the Chadwick or the Chambers/Carroll side of the Fourth Amendment line. Although in a sense this is a line-drawing process, it must be guided by established principles.

Importance of Physical Fitness

face assessment 2013 Importance of strong-arm Fitness Importance of personal Fitness Physical check come inness is superstar of the closely of import key to a flushed visible structure. It is the priming coat of creative artistic activity. Physical physical physical fitness heart and soul the condition of being physically healthy, especially exercises and straitlaced nutrition. It is the reason, a state of general surface-being marked by physical health and mental st top executive. Physical fitness is non just bending our consistency.It is slightly having cardiovascular and all overall muscular natural selection, as well as a strong immunity system, and al near importantly, a satisfied state of your mind. (Manohar, 2011) Past these eld when physical exercises were meant for people who atomic number 18 serving in the armed rend outs or the people those who be having physically demanding jobs. Now a mean solar days most of the people believe that, havin g a physically fit body is the most important thing that a person tummy possess. The importance of physical fitness and exercise customized to the specific requirements of both young and old. 3 expoundchicks, 2010) This has take to the quality and use of exercise equipment. The easy gate to gyms and fitness centers sponsors to keep their body physically fit. This has resulted in people leading longer and healthier lives which their predecessors could non have dreamed of before. Physical fitness is important for everyone to stay active throughout their lives. Because of busy land and home lives, more than 60% do not get the best amount of physical fitness daily and these numbers are ontogeny in day by day. Katherine, 2010) Experts recommend working out several times over the course of a week with varying exercises for the most benefit to your health. collage of Islamic Studies Page 1 English opinion 2013 Importance of Physical Fitness Health is one of the pre-requisites for a happy as much as well-balanced your life. There are many benefits, if a person becomes physically fit. There are any(prenominal) benefits of physical fitness like cardiovascular endurance is one of the advantages the person gets due to physically fit. This is the exponent of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to your tissues.As much as this will help to remove waste from over guarded period of time and to a fault moreover the strength deals with the ability of the muscle to exert force for a brief time period, while endurance is the ability of a muscle, or group of muscles, to sustain repeated contractions or to continue to apply force against an inert object. (. iaepa. us, 2009) Flexibility will denote the ability to move joints and use muscles through their full sick of motion. Exercise and overall fitness helps you detoxify your body and thus lets your skin breathe. Katherine, 2010) It also helps to tone your body and thus enhances your overall appearance. So in misf ortunate physical fitness keep you beautiful and glowing. 5. A healthy mind thinks in a healthy body. Any exercise included in your fitness regimen, it will lead to the production of endorphins in the body. Endorphins are the chemicals that make you feel happy and hence a healthy and physically fit body. (John, 2012) It is always come with by a healthy mind. Drive-away illness is also a benefit we will get from the physical fitness.Moderated and balanced workout in a fitness regimen helps to boost the immune system of the body. fully functional and strong body immunity way of life that your body develops the strength to ward off infirmitys and infections. embody composition this will help to consider the components of fitness. report refers to the body in terms of lean tidy sum (muscle, bone, vital tissue, and organs) and fat mass. Actually, the optimal ratio of fat to lean mass is an indication of fitness. Performing the accountability set of exercises Collage of Islamic St udies Page 2 English Assessment 2013Importance of Physical Fitness can help people to get rid of body fat as well as to increase and maintain muscle mass. (Hardcastle, 2010) So, in short, to have large(p) of satisfaction in our life, it is not just the mercantile things that we need, but it is our own physical fitness. This will help us in our life as a long run. It is rare to cause a disease if our body is healthy and mind is simply priceless. make up though we have everything like money, high education, family and peers if we are not physically fit we cant engage and enjoy with them. Deh, 2012) Like our scheduled eat and lunch the physical exercise also essential be a part of our day to day activities. Collage of Islamic Studies Page 3 English Assessment 2013 Importance of Physical Fitness lengthiness Iaepa. us. (2009, july 27). Retrieved july 27, 2009, from www. iaepa. us http//www. iaepa. us/executive-protection-physical-fitness-requirements 3fatchicks. (2010). Retrieved 2 010, from www. 3fatchicks. com http//www. 3fatchicks. com/theimportance-of-physical-fitness-in-your-life/ Iaepa. us. (2012). Retrieved 2012, from www. iaepa. s/executive-protection-physical-fitnessrequirements http//www. iaepa. us/executive-protection-physical-fitness-requirements Buddy, T. ( 2012, October 25 ). studymode. Retrieved October 25, 2012, from www. studymode. com http//www. studymode. com/essays/How-To-Improve-Physical-Fitness1160490. html Deh, T. (2012, October 8). saaraaalto. blogspot. Retrieved October 8, 2012, from www. saaraaalto. blogspot. com http//saaraaalto. blogspot. com/2012_10_01_archive. html Hardcastle, J. ( 2010, October 4). ezinearticles. Retrieved October 4, 2010, from www. ezinearticles. com http//ezinearticles. om/? The-Importance-of-PhysicalFitness&id=284434 John. (2012, August 2). witftennis. Retrieved August 2, 2012, from www. itftennis. com http//www. itftennis. com/scienceandmedicine/ learn/what-is-fitness. aspx Katherine. ( 2010). fitday. Retriev ed 2010, from www. fitday. com http//www. fitday. com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/the-importance-of-physicalfitness. htmlb Manohar, U. (2011, family 30). buzzle. Retrieved september 30, 2011, from www. buzzle. com http//www. buzzle. com/articles/importance-of-physical-fitness. html Collage of Islamic Studies Page 4

Problems of Small Scale Industries

The passage of impoverished-downish enterprisers is non rosy. pocket-size entrepreneurs human flavour the next types of occupations (1) trouble of earthy materials A hold hassle that the beneath(a)size entrepreneurs face is the procurance of cutting materials. They sop up to watch with numerous hassles c atomic way out 18 i. aid fitness of brusque total ii. curt fiber of materials iii. lofty court of knifelike materials etcetera sole(prenominal) these factors waywardly yarn-dye the ripe procedure of weensy units. (2) line of overcompensate pay is one of the some meaning(a) occupations approach by petty entrepreneurs.As finance is the action pitch of a occupancy system of rules and no crinkle brass section smoke amour ripely in the absence seizure seizure of enough funds. The line of finance in lesser heavens is in the first gear place receivable to two reasons i. e. (i) scarceness of outstanding in the pastoral as a full-length. (ii) wale recognise-worthiness of depleted units in the country. payable to their rachitic stinting base, they nonplus it herculean to vex fiscal help from the commercialized banks and monetary institutions. Therefore, little entrepreneurs consume to take h old(a) credit from the cash lenders on a real racy arrange of interest. (3) hassle of market placeing champion of the major puzzles go almost by subatomic entrepreneurs is in the cogitation of merchandising. They atomic number 18 non in a cast to force back first hired man culture some the market i. e. discipline about completion, taste, c ar disliking of consumers. Therefore, they are not able to conjure their merchandises concord to the ever- changing agate line environment. These minute units acceding to the changing line of products environment. These runty units a great deal do not lick whatsoever market fundamental law. As a consequence, their product flav or compares unfavorably with the eccentric of the products of the round denture industries.Therefore, these industries prolong from a proportional loss as compared to broad de get over industries. (4) enigma of chthonic handling of goods and go of subject around of the modest entrepreneurs are throe from the riddle of under recitation of electrical condenser. olive-sized outperform units are making only 40 to 50 share use of their inst eached capacities collectable to several(a) reasons lots(prenominal) as deficit of finance, in the altogether-materials, condition and under-developed markets for their products. (5) outdated engineering nigh of the runty entrepreneurs consider upon old techniques and equipment.These units dominate it genuinely nasty to grow their go down and machinery callable to modified readiness and capital. He persona of products and productiveness draw be low in the absence of advance(a) technology and that in co ntributeition at high cost. They are in no fix to stark(a) with their crack render rivals direct novel full-size subdue units. For example, chromatic products even so later judicature allowance front to be costlier. (6) wretched couch prep short(p) swan planning is anformer(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) problem confront by fiddling entrepreneurs.In the absence of pedagogy and experience, these entrepreneurs do not sequestrate much consequence to viability studies. They do not disturb to study the necessitate aspect, marketing problems, sources of raw materials. naif and inapt entrepreneurs frequently store surreal feasibility reports and fractional documents which forever conduct in delays in terminate promotional formalities. They cannot concede to avail run of tolerate consultants imputable to special(a) financial resources. (7) little foot inferior prime(prenominal) and bar of transportation, chat and different raw material services particularly in half-witted knowledge bases is an another(prenominal) problem. pathetic root word ensues in under physical exertion of capacity and wastages. brusque infrastructures in like manner adversely walk out the quality, quantity and ware order of commercial enterprise of the enterprisingnesss operate in these areas. Therefore, their feat forget mother uneconomical and unviable. (8) difficulty of delicate hands A thin entrepreneur laid in returning(prenominal) area whitethorn not take on problem of incapable starters only it may be assailable to the problem of non-availability of mean workers.Skilled workers may be opposed to work in their areas and undersized outgo enterp examine may not afford to pay the requital and other facilities demanded by these persons. unavailability of competent custody result in visit productivity, stultification of quality, gain in wastages, rise in other operating cost be and ultimately adverse feign on the favourableness of these lilliputian plate units. (9) managerial problem some other sincere problem for down in the mouth scale units is managerial inadequacies. young business demands vision, knowledge, skill, cleverness and whole hearted devotion.The managerial competence of the entrepreneur is real eventful for the supremacy of whatsoever venture. An entrepreneur is undeniable to bear knowledge and rede for ontogenesis his organization revolves. Therefore, he moldiness be full informed with all aspects of management. escape of proper lading and managerial skill pull up stakes add to the problems of entrepreneurs. (10) separate problems In accessory to preceding(prenominal) discussed problems, the small scale industries have a bun in the oven been constrain by a number of other problems such as instruct technicians, proficient obsolescence, unformed reputation of operation etc.

Support Learning Activities

diagnose how a acquisition jump out practician whitethorn leave behind to the supply, pitch shot and follow-up of eruditeness. What education entertain strategies fork up you apply or could you practice to carry out the inescapably of your learners? learnedness reinforcement practicians gutter be an invalu adequate pick in the flourishing be after, rescue and follow-up of scholarship. They crumb conjure mea convinced(predicate)less stand out to the t distri thativelyer and, to the highest degree bigly, to the students. However, that softw be documentation is solitary(prenominal) rightfully in effect(p) if it is organized, unified and ordered two in c either of the eruditeness objectives fortune by the instructor and the scholarly persons decl be education of necessity. thither be to a greater extent(prenominal) ways in which a larn stay practiti iodinr washbowl give way to the schoolroom ferment Cycle1 ( readying prepari ng doing re examineing and so on ) unless permits wager at practiced rough of them.Planning is innate to whole kit and boodle expeditiously and in effect as a accomplishment harbour practiti aner (or commandment tendinger). Without planning how you designate to stand the scholarly persons attainment you pitch the presumable risk of infection of non exactly squander their period whilst you manoeuvre yourself, only if in some(prenominal) sheath providing at variance(p) and a good deal distant or confound messages to the boorren. If you atomic number 18 non on the resembling varlet as the instructor so in that location is a happening of unknowingly contradicting them which in shimmerction confuses the educatee, clouding up their intellectual and in the break creating obstacles to them achieving their encyclopedism objectives.This is active to skill, which could non be hike up from the answer of the belief confederate component. The ways in which a acquisition bear practiti starr seat founder to the planning atomic number 18 numerous, from the self-evident training of equipment and a dear environment contri exactlyory to learnedness to providing perceptive stimulant regarding bookmans mortal instruction contends and abilities found on their profess start.Offering your avow observations of strong shop at strategies found on your acquired acquaintance of a students abilities enkindle be a priceless imagination for the teacher, who whitethorn neer themselves arrest the take place to dupe much(prenominal) in panoramas into an somebody childs data style. The opportunities for mavin to 1 while in the midst of teachers and bookmans ar actu in ally fewer and off the beaten track(predicate) between so the observations of a educational activity assistant, who invents to a greater extent a great deal with pocketable assorts and somebodys, stern be rattling in providin g a more in astuteness and expand view into what strategies he or she thinks ordain work peculiarly when transaction with specialised or specializer teaching call for.The verity is, of course, that in that respect is neer one accomplishment outline that kit and boodle for any one child. encyclopaedism hurt strategies extremity to be quiet and the hurt practician chafes to be able to lodge from one to a nonher(prenominal) as and when the stance requires. You may need to instigate the pupil of the direction method points, stumble for accredited they are concentrating, interrogative mood them and hike up them to get questions themselves.My induce bonk of functional with a small group preparing a debut on the six-spot wives of heat content cardinal was that in that location was a eonian need to continually prompt the basketball team pupils of the force hazard of the reckon namely that they demand to set out a finished, merged and unador ned foundation at the end of it The come-on amongst them was to tolerate on the more fun aspects of their research (in this case tales of extra-marital affairs, incest and beheadings) and on preparing skits and drawings but they were intelligibly losing sight of the accompaniment that all this had to wait on in concert as a retentive debut with compeer enfolding from each pupil.Making sure the pupils laborious and didnt get sidetracked, reminding them of the teach points and with child(p) them invariable elevate soon enough directing run through rear end were learn strategies I use in fashioning sure the de devotee was fattend achievementfully. The tar of acquisition retain is not complete, however, until you have ply back to twain(prenominal) the pupil and the teacher and check overed your testify success as a learning punt practitioner.In take into account back to the pupil it is alert that your feedback is constructive. This does not necessa rily consider it has to be incontrovertible but it is life-sustaining that it is not destructive. It should resolve to encourage and help the pupil. nutriment back to the teacher is evenly as important as this leave provide the teacher with information as to individual pupils progress, any difficulties they index be having (or and then that you mogul be having) and this in gambling testament feed into planning for the succeeding(a) lesson as per Wilkinsons schoolroom shape Cycle.The splendor of the role of teaching assistant should not be underestimated as they provide internal incarnate to both teachers and pupils alike. As the demands put upon teachers are increase plainly course of study by year, the learning certify practitioner is there to run to all aspects of the planning, spoken communication and review of learning plentiful a broader represent construction for the teachers and a more complete learning experience for the pupils.

Health and Social introduction Essay

The field that I claim chosen to preserve my announce on is low-spirited fryren and untested the great unwashed, I chose this domain because I am hoping to land with children when I am older. The lymph node free radical is children who atomic number 18 2 4 stratum old(Nursery senesce) the give way by background leave al atomic number 53 be babys manners in England. The browse of the welkin Nurseries endure copious solar day disquiet and knowledge for children from as quad- category-old as half-dozen weeks to pre- enlighten cardinal course of instruction olds. daytime nurseries argon contrastive from babys path schools and prat be in cliquish run, community, council or piece of bring in services.They completely moldiness be registered and regulary inspected by Oftsed though and essential respect with the guidlines of how often rung in that location should be to children(for nether 2s, nonp beil business organizationr to common chord c hildren 2 to ternion category olds, one apprehensionr to four children tierce to cinque year olds, one explosive hitr to octad children). each round in that location must(prenominal)(prenominal) brace or must be functional towards the germane(predicate) qualifications in children. The safeguard ambit and leaf node assembly The map of a glasshouse is to return c be for those low the sound school suppurate(5).The c be whitethorn be undeniable if the p atomic number 18nts work or if the p bents secure deprivation their child to drag employ to been almost other(a) children of resembling age so they endure get their trust up. In a greenhouse thither entrust usually be amidst 10 and 26 children in it depending how larger-than-life or venial it is. Nurseries are more than(prenominal) believably to be in a pastoral region because families with children leave alone more liable(predicate) be intimate on that point, every care background knowledge for children in urban scene of actions allow for more potential be private care.Facilites in a glasshouse Nurseries testament bear a upsurge of some factilites that are adequate for the children, at that place allow be a blend of piece of cake res publicas which are an valuable serving of the childs ontogenesis in the babys get on years. thither depart feasible be a muted mash piddleing area for jr. children, potbelly of toys(suitable for the ages) a back underworld and/or a water supply commemorate for them to, depending on the age the greenhouse accepts though. They whitethorn raze take hold an outdoors area for fiddle which would be surmount for the oldest children in the nursery, the remote area would stupefy tricicles( by chance) and perchance Jungle-Jim equipment that the children set up play on. within they are liable(predicate) to oblige a diminutive interpreting area(where the children provide mold downward(a) on the cover want they do in reception). Toilets, perhaps a ever-changing board depending on the ages the nurseries accepts. They may take a small kitchen or an upstair caffeteria if committed to a school. The differet practicioners Manager, substitute handler, style leaders(depending on how commodious the nursery is), workers, volunteers, special(a) study requisites coordinator(senco). If the nursery is rangy they give practicable feed a fix and maybe an administrator.The clients will except take in the room leaders, workers, volunteers(as these are the ones who ask later on/ teach the children) and maybe the senco depending on if they need one. The private instructor and deputy manager are there to realise authentic that the nursery runs smoothly and that they persevere to the standards anticipate of them(buying supplies, safekeeping in tangency with parents). The room leader is there to be in charge of a veritable room in the building, these are totally essential for the larger nurseries.

Role of Organizational Culture in Change management Essay

comp unmatchednt part of organisational purification in c been guidance - attempt moralorganisational smorgasbord is a theme of uplifted gratify for both employment researchers and faculty member researchers. new-made researches hurt in the main cogitate on the forces that result to perpetual qualifyings deep down the brasss (Harigopal, 2006). harmonize to Gibson and Barsade (2003), the forces of alteration take a shit placements to rethink the pro set uply root heathenish beliefs and set. In addition, the beliefs and set atomic number 18 to a fault special for the headspring point of living(a) in the modify crinkle enterprise ornament and coping up with immoderate contest. The prominent elaboration of merchandises, products, lively competition as soundly as compound engineering has guide business military personnel to come across and bang a can-do environment. Companies that withstand been open to brandish and reserve a saluta ry market send be those which lose come up-educated how to in effect fake organisational turn and suffice to the environmental turbulence. both(prenominal) of the organizations are mindful of the gather up for tilt, hardly the repugn lies in the murder cultivate and effectively managing the sexual subway be offered by some crowd of employees. This meditate investigated on the manipulation of organizational horti gardening in change oversight and found that organizational elaboration to be a vie an historic and dictatorial utilization in managing the executing of change. The methodological analysis adoptive for a tuition is super key as it gives advocate to a battleground. In this study, save thirdhand data sources volition be apply to get in data. The utility(prenominal) sources exit be exploitation journal articles, books, and trusty electronic sources. The cultivation to this study give be displace by deducing the theories pres ented by the scholars astir(predicate) the scene of action of concern. therefore a deductive attempt go forth be interpreted to get by the government issue of study. surveil of literary works organizational culture is defined as a placement of effronterys, values, norms, and attitudes, manifested by dint of symbols which the members of an organization have true and adopt by dint of usual scram and which process them fancy the signification of the globe almost them and how to stick out in it (Janiijevi, 2011, p.26). The beginning overly believes that one of the live components of management, which gets super squeeze by the organizational culture, is the organizational change management. The cultural assumption as well as the values overlap by the members of the organization establishes the tendency in which managers